In 1998, the Joint Chiefs of Staff selected the Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) as the security architecture to bring the Global Positioning System (GPS) to the next level, and issued the following endate: As of October 1, 2006, all newly fielded Department of Defense (DoD) GPS systems will use SAASM compliant Precise Positioning System (PPS) devices. Procurement of non-SAASM GPS user-equipment will be disallowed unless waived.